types:
abolizionismo
the doctrine that calls for the abolition of slavery
animalismo
the doctrine that human beings are purely animal in nature and lacking a spiritual nature
animismo
the doctrine that all natural objects and the universe itself have souls
credo
any system of principles or beliefs
dualismo,
dualità
the doctrine that reality consists of two basic opposing elements, often taken to be mind and matter (or mind and body), or good and evil
formalismo
the doctrine that formal structure rather than content is what should be represented
naturismo
the doctrine of a sect of Hindu philosophers who practiced nudity and asceticism and meditation
irredentismo
the doctrine that irredenta should be controlled by the country to which they are ethnically or historically related
nazionalismo
the doctrine that your national culture and interests are superior to any other
nazionalismo
the doctrine that nations should act independently (rather than collectively) to attain their goals
nichilismo
a revolutionary doctrine that advocates destruction of the social system for its own sake
pacifismo
the doctrine that all violence is unjustifiable
pluralismo
the doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements
popolarismo
the political doctrine that supports the rights and powers of the common people in their struggle with the privileged elite
umanitarismo
the doctrine that people's duty is to promote human welfare
egualitarismo
the doctrine of the equality of mankind and the desirability of political and economic and social equality
femminismo
a doctrine that advocates equal rights for women
utilitarismo
doctrine that the useful is the good; especially as elaborated by Jeremy Bentham and James Mill; the aim was said to be the greatest happiness for the greatest number
catechismo,
credo,
dottrina
the written body of teachings of a religious group that are generally accepted by that group
predestinazione
(theology) being determined in advance; especially the doctrine (usually associated with Calvin) that God has foreordained every event throughout eternity (including the final salvation of mankind)
confucianesimo
the teachings of Confucius emphasizing love for humanity; high value given to learning and to devotion to family (including ancestors); peace; justice; influenced the traditional culture of China
empirismo
(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge derives from experience
esistenzialismo
(philosophy) a 20th-century philosophical movement chiefly in Europe; assumes that people are entirely free and thus responsible for what they make of themselves
formalismo
(philosophy) the philosophical theory that formal (logical or mathematical) statements have no meaning but that its symbols (regarded as physical entities) exhibit a form that has useful applications
intuizionismo
(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge is acquired primarily by intuition
logicismo
(philosophy) the philosophical theory that all of mathematics can be derived from formal logic
materialismo
(philosophy) the philosophical theory that matter is the only reality
innatismo
(philosophy) the philosophical theory that some ideas are innate
naturalismo
(philosophy) the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms without recourse to spiritual or supernatural explanations
nominalismo
(philosophy) the doctrine that the various objects labeled by the same term have nothing in common but their name
neoplatonismo,
realismo
(philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that abstract concepts exist independent of their names
probabilismo
(philosophy) the doctrine that (since certainty is unattainable) probability is a sufficient basis for belief and action
razionalismo
(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience
realismo
(philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that physical objects continue to exist when not perceived
relativismo
(philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that all criteria of judgment are relative to the individuals and situations involved
neoscolastica
the system of philosophy dominant in medieval Europe; based on Aristotle and the Church Fathers
semiologia,
semiotica
(philosophy) a philosophical theory of the functions of signs and symbols
solipsismo
(philosophy) the philosophical theory that the self is all that you know to exist
stoicismo
(philosophy) the philosophical system of the Stoics following the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno
soggettivismo
(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge and value are dependent on and limited by your subjective experience
teleologia
(philosophy) a doctrine explaining phenomena by their ends or purposes
gnosi,
gnosticismo
a religious orientation advocating gnosis as the way to release a person's spiritual element; considered heresy by Christian churches
ecumenismo
(Christianity) the doctrine of the ecumenical movement that promotes cooperation and better understanding among different religious denominations: aimed at universal Christian unity
incarnazione
(Christianity) the Christian doctrine of the union of God and man in the person of Jesus Christ